Table 5. Autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases and their ANA subtypes

Disease ANA subtypes Prevalence (%) Clinical significance
SLE Anti-dsDNA antibody 50–75 Disease activity, frequent in pediatric SLE
Anti-Ro/SSA antibody 25–30 Neonatal lupus, SCLE
Anti-La/SSB antibody 10–30 Neonatal lupus
Anti-Smith (Sm) antibody 15–30 Highly specific
Anti-U1-RNP antibody 30–40 Raynaud’s phenomenon
Anti-histone antibody 50–70 Drug-induced LE
Anti-ribosomal P antibody 10–20 Neuropsychiatric SLE
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) Anti-Scl-70 antibody 20–60 Diffuse SSc, interstitial lung disease
Anti-centromere antibody 30–35 Limited SSc
Anti-RNA Pol III antibody 4–25 Diffuse SSc, renal crisis
Sjögren syndrome (SjS) Anti-Ro/SSA antibody 40–70 SCLE, interstitial lung disease (52 kD)
Anti-La/SSB antibody 30–60
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) Anti-histone antibody 5–10
Anti-Ro/SSA antibody 3–10 Secondary Sjögren syndrome
MCTD Anti-U1-RNP antibody 100 Essential criterion for diagnosis
IIM (e.g., DM/PM) Anti-Jo-1 antibody 20–30 Diagnostic score, interstitial lung disease
SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus; SCLE: subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus; MCTD: mixed connective tissue disease; IIM: idiopathic inflammatory myopathy; DM/PM: dermatomyositis/polymyositis; dsDNA: double-stranded deoxynucleic acid; SSA: Sjögren’s syndrome-related protein A; SSB: Sjögren’s syndrome-related protein B; RNP(s): ribonucleoprotein(s); RNA Pol: ribonucleic acid polymerase.